When one ruminates over the nationstates that could suffer shipwreck should nigeria be shaken by a mighty wind, one shudders to think that. Oversight responsible for managing national security is an important function within all democratic systems. Security, national development, nigeria, boko haram. Dec 18, 2011 the obama approach does not appear persuasive to nigeria whose body language implies that national security is the aggregation of the activities of security agencies. The role of information technology in national security. Boko haram insurgency and national security in nigeria.
Nigerian national security strategy nnss which compose of both offensive and defensive measure to make sure that nigerian government move from reactionary to adopting preventive posture in curbing insecurity in the country. The paper further explains the concepts of terrorism and insecurity with. The wide di mension is characterized by the protection of constitutional order, life and health of citizens, national property from illegal actions. From independence to the present, nigeria aims and aspiration in its national defense policy is to maintain peace with its neighbors, security and defend its territorial integrity. Overview of security sector reforms and the transformation of. The nso was given a mandate of coordinating internal security, foreign intelligence and counterintelligence activities. Definitions of human security united nations definitions. Whereas, food security in its most basic form is defined as the access to all people to the food needed for a healthy. In the years 1997 and 2000, russia adopted documents titled national security concept that described russias global position, the countrys interests, listed threats to national security and described the means to counter those threats. Implications for national security ushe mike ushe, ph. The nature of internal security problems in african states. Moreover, in nigeria context, the national youth development policy 2001 defines youth as people aged between 18 and 35.
Simply because the concept of food security has been used in various ways. An overview of the nigerian defense policy and the challenges. In addition, the security situation remains dire 9 th. The national security organization nso of nigeria, or nigerian security organization, was created under decree number 27 of 1976 by the military regime of gen. Its complexity notwithstanding, security connotes the. To achieve this aim, the work is divided into introduction, the concept of security, national security, national security policy, existing laws, and extant policies, examination of relevant provisions and conclusion. State policing and national security in nigeria article pdf available in mediterranean journal of social sciences 61 january 2015 with 1,344 reads how we measure reads. This conception i equates defence with security and bestows its protection to the military as the custodians of national security, and ii equates national security with the security of the state. D abstract civil defense operation is an international institution that came into the lime light during the second world war. Once synonymous with the defence of territory from external attack, the requirements of security today have come to embrace the protection of communities and individuals from. Nigeria experienced an unusual formation of national interim government put in place by a fleeing military regime of ibrahim babangida that was avoiding to be consumed by a political turmoil arising from the annulment of the 1993 elections. And they constitutes all young males and females aged 1835 which are citizens of the federal republic of nigeria national youth policy of nigeria, 2001. Military intelligence and the challenge of national security. In the last ten years, the volatile oil rich regions of the niger delta.
National security decisionmaking structure roles are outlined. Its meanings are ambiguous with its scope expanding every day. As earlier mentioned, the phenomenon of ethnicity and religious intolerance have led to incessant recurrence of ethnoreligious conflicts, which have birthed copious ethnic militias like the bakassi boys, odua people congress opc, the egbesu boys. Boko haram, threat, insurgents, national security, dreaded sect, nigeria. National security and development in nigeria article pdf available in african journal of business management 623.
Hence, the aim of this paper is to appraise this insurgency group called boko haram and examine how it affects our national security. The term national development is very comprehensive. Thematic document 2009 national security and migration. Security is presently a major challenge in nigeria especially in northern nigeria. On the whole, national security is threatened as a result of the numerous migration challenges. Nigerians and non nigerians are killed on daily basis and in their numbers even the united nations building and the police headquarters at the federal capital were bombed. In the wake of these conflicts, a new understanding of the concept of security is evolving. With the principles of afrocentricism and neighborliness, it is of no doubt that nigeria detests war.
Thus the individualization in security of migration can be. Kidnapping, employment, economic growth, labour market, crime, and security. Essential elements of security and their applications in ensuring stability and integration of nigeria. Boko haram and national security challenges in nigeria. Abstract the persistent religious conflicts and insecurity in nigeria has given meaningful nigerians. Essential elements of security and their applications in ensuring stability and integration of nigeria ufot akpan phenson, peter abang ojie, john o. Institutions remain weak 129 th with insufficiently protected property rights, high corruption, and undue influence. Jun 30, 2017 a nigerian newspaper and online version of the vanguard, a daily publication in nigeria covering nigeria news, niger delta, general national news, politics, business, energy, sports, entertainment. It is therefore important to grasp its ontological basis as a prelude to unraveling the deeper contours of national security and terrorism. An overview of the nigerian defense policy and the. Insurgency and national security challenges in nigeria. However, two main tendencies in defining national security are identifiable. The indispensable role of nigeria security and civil defense corp to nigeria national security thomotuya, blessing e. One alternative approach that was put forward by officials would be to avoid defining national security in legislation and instead list clearly the types of.
The obama approach does not appear persuasive to nigeria whose body language implies that national security is the aggregation of the activities of security agencies. Aim, scope, rationale, methodology and structure of the paper this paper aims at exploring the relationships between terrorism and humanitarian crisis in nigeria from the standpoint of the boko haram insurgency. Essentially, security is primarily a preoccupation of an individual state to protect its sovereignty, territorial integrity, citizens, and their values. It is a multifaceted concept which encapsulates an agenda for the promotion of national security and elimination of terrorism. I use the concept of securityscape in order to extract and analyse a particular situation of security. Baldwin redefining security has recently become something of a cottage industry. A nigerian newspaper and online version of the vanguard, a daily publication in nigeria covering nigeria news, niger delta, general national news. Joint assessment on which to base policy and decisionmaking.
National security office responsibilities and functions. Security is diversified into many issues such as economic security, food security, national security, personal security and so on. As a complex concept, security means different thing to different people. This optimism is predicated on the fact that democracy would guarantee freedom, liberty, and equity and enhances security of. Recognizing the need for safe existence of citizens, it is impossible not to note that we live in an increasingly global world, so discussion. Nigeria 2 country reports on human rights practices for 2018 united states department of state bureau of democracy, human rights and labor the government took steps to investigate alleged abuses but fewer steps to prosecute officials who committed violations, whether in the security forces or elsewhere in the government. This paper examined the nature of internal security problems of african states using nigeria as. In fact, in its common meaning, they are terrorists. Olusegun obasanjo, after the failed dimka coup which claimed the life of former head of state gen. In doing this, the paper discusses the central role that security plays in the development of nations for which nigeria cannot be an exception. Are 2001 descriptively looks at the national security council of nigeria in order to outline the major players in. Objectives of the national security policy of nigeria and implementation strategies national security is an interactive and integrative system.
Nigeria 2018 human rights report united states department. Resource allocation to deal with national security threats. A malady previously unknown to the people has rapidly become domesticated. After reading this article you will learn about the national development. The concept of security the concept of security is tied to five criteria by. Traditionally, security is conceptualized within the context of the ability and capacity of the government to ensure the protection of their countries from internal insurrection or external aggression of any kind through adequate preparedness of the. It will play a critical role in strengthening nigerias national security against potential future attacks and threat. Whereas, food security in its most basic form is defined as the access to all people to the food needed for a healthy life at all times fao and who, 1992 cited in eide, 1999. National security interest can be used to refer to such concepts as selfpreservation, selfdefence, and even survival. In short national security means that the state should survive. It includes all aspects of the life of an individual and the nation. Wolfers specifications refer not only to the concept of national security as a policy objective but also to the means for its pursuit, i. This conception i equates defence with security and bestows its protection to the military as the custodians of national security, and.
Without distinctive criteria which separate a security issue from nonsecurity issue, the concept of security is trivial and leaves only confusion behind. Introduction among the problems discussed in this study is the issue of national security, broadly defined. However, global issues have transcended maintenance of peace without viable economy, good governance technology. Security is a significant concept and issue that connotes many meanings to intellectuals and practitioners. Nigeria now africas largest economy continues its downward trend and falls seven places to 127 th this year, largely on the back of weakened public finances as a result of lower oil exports. National security is affected by acts of vandalism caused by those, who do not understand that peaceful coexistence is the only concept that could help nigeria to thrive. The national security concept hereinafter the concept is a set of goals, principles and.
Definitions of human security united nations definitions kofi annan. National interest and national development in nigeria. Challenge, contemporary nigeria, military intelligence and security. Abstract the persistent religious conflicts and insecurity in nigeria has given meaningful nigerians a cause for deep concern in recent times. Pdf the role of military logistics supports in safeguarding.
Data used for this study was sourced from central bank of nigeria cbn statistical bulletin, newspapers and related journal articles on security issues. The national security concept hereinafter the concept is a set of goals, principles and approaches to the policies and measures, which underline the independence, territorial integrity and democratic development of the country, integration into the euroatlantic area as the. As a concept, national interest may offer guidance and a basis for broad consensus, but. Introduction kidnapping is a new wave of crime that is ravaging nigeria especially the niger delta area the treasure base of the nigerian nation, a crime posing a great challenge to national security and the nigeria security system. Military intelligence and the challenge of national.
The concept and nature of insurgency always invoke the spirit of terror, evil, and rebellion against a constituted authority by those who want to undermine the efforts of an incumbent regime. D school of arts and social sciences,national open university of nigeria,lagos. Introduction nigeria is an african country with a land mass of about 923,768 sq. Lessons from the twentyfifteen elections gani joses yoroms 1. Human security is a critical component of the global political and development agenda. In the narrow dimension there is protection the constitutional order, public security and public safety. It means it should live without serious threat to all values that are regarded as important or vital emma 1991. This study attempts to xray the essential elements of security and the need for their application in ensuring the stability and integration of the nigerian federation in the light of. In 2009, these documents were superseded by the national security strategy to 2020. Also, understanding the context in which a specific security practice takes place is an essential step for this proximity. The foreigners who came to invest were not spared as well and properties worth billions of naira have been destroyed. The nigerian situation is a sterling example where a certain group called boko haram, has unleashed mayhem that have shocked the very political.
This study therefore, investigated empirically the challenges of insecurity and terrorism on national development in nigeria. I use the concept of security scape in order to extract and analyse a particular situation of security. Essential elements of security and their applications in. And they constitutes all young males and females aged 1835 which are citizens of the federal republic of nigeria national youth policy. Introduction the increase in electoral violence at every turn of election in nigeria has been alarming.
Conceptual clarifications security the concept security generally, is a crosscutting, and multidimensional concept which has, over the last century, been the subject of great debate. In the discussion that follows, wolfers specifications will be developed and set in the context of more recent literature. Pdf state policing and national security in nigeria. The national defense strategy acknowledges an increasingly complex global security environment, characterized by overt challenges to the free and open international order and the reemergence of longterm, strategic competition between nations. Overview of security sector reforms and the transformation.
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